Samstag, 11. April 2009

Render to Texture





This Program demonstrates a "render to texture" effect. It uses the "Framebuffer Management"-Technique, which has superseded the "Render to Back buffer, GlCopyImage2D, Overwrite Back buffer"-Technique for a few years now.

# Pygame/PyopenGL example by Bastiaan Zapf, Apr 2009
#
# "Render to Texture" demonstration: Render a helix to a
# texture and project it onto the faces of a cube pattern.
#


from OpenGL.GL import *
from OpenGL.GLU import *

from OpenGL.GL.ARB.framebuffer_object import *
from OpenGL.GL.EXT.framebuffer_object import *

from ctypes import *

from math import *
import pygame

pygame.init()

pygame.display.set_mode((800,600), pygame.OPENGL|pygame.DOUBLEBUF)

glClearColor(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0)
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT|GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT)

glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);

done = False

t=0

while not done:

# step time

t=t+1

# render a helix (this is similar to the previous example, but
# this time we'll render to a texture)

# initialize projection

glClearColor(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0)
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT|GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT)

glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
glLoadIdentity()

gluPerspective(90,1,0.01,1000)
gluLookAt(sin(t/200.0)*2,sin(t/500.0)*2,cos(t/200.0)*2,0,0,0,0,1,0)
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW)

# generate the texture we render to, and set parameters

rendertarget=glGenTextures( 1 )

glBindTexture( GL_TEXTURE_2D, rendertarget );
glTexEnvf( GL_TEXTURE_ENV, GL_TEXTURE_ENV_MODE, GL_MODULATE );
glTexParameterf( GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S,
GL_REPEAT);
glTexParameterf( GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T,
GL_REPEAT );
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR)
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR)

# occupy 512x512 texture memory

glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0,GL_RGBA,512,512,0,GL_RGBA,
GL_UNSIGNED_INT, None)

# This is the interesting part: render-to-texture is initialized here

# generate a "Framebuffer" object and bind it

fbo=c_uint(1) # WTF? Did not find a way to get there easier
# A simple number would always result in a "Segmentation
# Fault" for me
glGenFramebuffers(1,fbo)
glBindFramebufferEXT(GL_FRAMEBUFFER_EXT, fbo);

# render to the texture

glFramebufferTexture2DEXT(GL_FRAMEBUFFER_EXT, GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0_EXT,
GL_TEXTURE_2D, rendertarget, 0);

# In case of errors or suspect behaviour, try this:
# print "Framebuffer Status:"
# print glCheckFramebufferStatusEXT(GL_FRAMEBUFFER_EXT);

# Save Viewport configuration

glPushAttrib(GL_VIEWPORT_BIT);

# Align viewport to Texture dimensions - Try rendering
# to different dimensions than the texture has to find out
# about how your hardware handles display pitch

glViewport(0, 0, 512, 512);

glEnable(GL_BLEND);
glBlendFunc (GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE);

# Black background for the Helix

glClearColor(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0)
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT|GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT)

# Fallback to white

glColor4f(1,1,1,1);

# But try a fancy texture

texture=glGenTextures( 1 )

glBindTexture( GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture );
glTexEnvf( GL_TEXTURE_ENV, GL_TEXTURE_ENV_MODE, GL_MODULATE );
glTexParameterf( GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S,
GL_REPEAT);
glTexParameterf( GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T,
GL_REPEAT );
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR)
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR)

texdata=[[[1.0,0,0,1],
[1.0,1,1,1],
[0.0,1,0,1],
[1.0,1,1,1]],
[[1.0,0,0,1],
[1.0,0,0,1],
[1.0,0,0,0.5],
[0.0,0,0,1]],
[[0.0,1,0,1],
[0.0,0,0,0],
[0.0,0,1,1],
[0.0,0,0,0]],
[[0.0,0,0,1],
[0.0,0,0,1],
[0.0,0,0,1],
[0.0,0,0,1]]];

glTexImage2Df(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0,4,0,GL_RGBA,
texdata)

glEnable( GL_TEXTURE_2D );
glBindTexture( GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture );

# The helix

glBegin(GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP);

for i in range(0,100):

r=5.0;
if (i%2==0):
glTexCoord2f(0,i);
glVertex3f( cos(i/r)*1.5, -2.5+i*0.05, sin(i/r)*1.5);
else:
glTexCoord2f(1,i);
glVertex3f( cos(i/r+2)*1.5, -2.5+i*0.05, sin(i/r+2)*1.5);


glEnd();
glPopAttrib(); # Reset viewport to screen format
# do not render to texture anymore - "switch off" rtt
glBindFramebufferEXT(GL_FRAMEBUFFER_EXT, 0);

glDisable( GL_BLEND );
glEnable( GL_TEXTURE_2D );
glEnable( GL_DEPTH_TEST );

glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
glLoadIdentity()

gluPerspective(90,1,0.01,1000)

gluLookAt(-1.4+sin(t/100.0)*2.5,
-1.4+sin(t/90.0)*0.4,
-1.4+sin(t/100.0+3.14)*0.5,
0,0,0,
0,1,0)

glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);

# use the rendered texture from above!
glBindTexture( GL_TEXTURE_2D, rendertarget );

glBegin(GL_QUADS)
glColor3f(1,1,1) # fallback

# render a range of half cubes

for x in range(-2,3,2):
for y in range(-2,3,2):
glTexCoord2f(0,0);
glVertex3f(-1-x, -1+x+y, 1-y)
glTexCoord2f(0,1);
glVertex3f(-1-x, 1+x+y, 1-y)
glTexCoord2f(1,1);
glVertex3f(1-x, 1+x+y, 1-y)
glTexCoord2f(1,0);
glVertex3f(1-x, -1+x+y, 1-y)

glTexCoord2f(1,1);
glVertex3f(1-x,-1+x+y, -1-y)
glTexCoord2f(1,0);
glVertex3f(1-x,-1+x+y, 1-y)
glTexCoord2f(0,0);
glVertex3f(1-x,1+x+y, 1-y)
glTexCoord2f(0,1);
glVertex3f(1-x,1+x+y, -1-y)

glTexCoord2f(1,1);
glVertex3f(-1-x,1+x+y, -1-y)
glTexCoord2f(0,1);
glVertex3f(-1-x,1+x+y, 1-y)
glTexCoord2f(0,0);
glVertex3f(1-x,1+x+y, 1-y)
glTexCoord2f(1,0);
glVertex3f(1-x,1+x+y, -1-y)

glEnd()
glFlush()

pygame.display.flip()

# do not leak any mem

glDeleteTextures(texture)
glDeleteTextures(rendertarget)
glDeleteFramebuffers(1,fbo)

3 Kommentare:

  1. In some new PyOpenGL implementation (3.0.1 here), you have to change

    glGenFramebuffers(1,fbo)

    to

    glGenFramebuffers(1) #,fbo)

    to make this work.

    Otherwise, a nice Demo. Thanks !

    AntwortenLöschen
  2. Hello

    I have been trying to do optic distortion using render to texture. How could I use the code to do different
    modes of distortions on rendered graphics?

    Cheers.

    AntwortenLöschen
  3. Hello

    Maybe you could help me. I am trying to do lens distortion on multiple view port in pyopengl. I heard
    this can be do with render to texture. How could I modify code to accomplish that.

    Thank you.

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